頣齋(黃胤錫) 漢詩의 實學文學的 照明 (Practical Science's Aspects on Chinese poetry of Lee Jae(頣齋))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 우리한문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 漢文學報 / 18권 / 1호 / 693 ~ 729페이지
· 저자명 : 백원철

초록

본 논문은 頤齋 黃胤錫(1729∼1791)이 남긴 한시를 실학문학적 시각으로 살핀 것이다.
이재는 湖南一隅에서 태어나 仕宦은 그리 현달하지 못했지만 博學한 학자요 문인으로서 당시에 이름이 있었다. 국왕이 그를 칭하여, “참으로 지식이 있고 실질이 있는 사람(영조)”, 또는 “문장에 뛰어난 선비로써 순실한 인물(정조)”이라고 하였으며, 靑莊館 李德懋는 이재의 道學과 文章, 그리고 그의 牧民官으로서의 능력을 거론하며 자신에게는 ‘일생의 표준’이 되는 대상이라고까지 말하였다. 실제로 이재의 저술은 수학ㆍ과학(천문)ㆍ어학ㆍ지리ㆍ복서ㆍ문학을 포괄하여 백 수 십권의 방대한 규모이며 시 만도 1800여 수에 달한다. 그러나 영ㆍ정조 실학시대의 인물이었던 이재의 경우, 그의 한시를 일별하면 매우 의미 있는 작품들을 접할 수 있다. 곧 당시 실학파 문인들의 시와 동일한 성향을 지닌 시문이 다수 창작되었기 때문이다. 당대 현실을 살아가는 백성들의 고난에 찬 삶을 읊고, 民風土俗을 즐겨 시의 소재로 끌어 들여 민중의 정서를 형상화하고, 더불어 지배층의 횡포와 弊政을 시로써 비판하고 있다.
그러므로 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 작품들을 구체적으로 고찰하여 이재 한시의 실학문학적 성향의 실체를 밝히고자 하며, 이는 나아가 조선 후기 실학파문학의 지평을 확인하는 작업의 일환이 될 수 있으리라 기대한다.

영어초록

Born in a certain place of Honam, (Lee Jae) Hwang, Yoon-Seok(黃胤錫1729~1791), was not great success in the enterprise, but had renowned for erudite and great writer in his day. Especially his academic field including literature, history, and philosophy reflects his wide range of knowledge such as mathematic, science, geographical feature and linguistics book on divination, his academical achievement is estimated as connection of encyclopedic academic traditions.
While his boyhood, he studied under Back, Si- Deok(白時德) whose maternal grandfather is Ryoo, Hyung-Won(柳馨遠) in the native village, and approximately in his 30's he was a pupil of Kim, Won-Haeng(金元行) in Seoul, since he could had a chance of interchange with Hong, Dae-Yong(洪大容), Shin, Kyung- Jun(申景濬), Lee, Deok-Moo(李德懋).
He has remarkable achievement in literature as well. Almost 1,800pieces of poem has created, many of these are included that has the literature character of late Cho-Seon. In that case, how is the aspects of his poem as literature of practical science?
Firstly, he expresses national emotion without a hitch while actively accepting folk song and Korean verse in the Chinese Poetry literature. At that moment, he has not regarded woman's song mean, oppositely evaluated them having remarkable graceful. Furthermore, his independent thinking is based on the fact that when we put the proffer national tone and mood into our culture, Chinese poetry for the people will be accomplished, they can be our's so that our culture become similar in status with China, is shown with his masterpieces. In addition, with concerning Korean traditional local customs of the entire people, his effort to reflect the spirit into the poem can be seen in the same way.
Secondly, the spirit of patriotism is used as significant source in his Chinese Poetry. This reflects the acknowledgement of historical reality for the late Cho-Seon(朝鮮) and foundation of the consciousness through the sincere contemplation. That is because he can't turn away the paradox of the system and dire straights of the people which had appeared in these period as a realist having the conscientious intelligence. At that period he, LeeJae, was supposed to see pains and visualization as its form of poem for his residence in the rural community, of which generally concerning farmer's suffering from the drought other than the sufferings by the paradox by the system.
Lastly, critique awareness to the malady of the those society. Mainly concerned Matters are incompetent and corrupt public officers and the followed slack discipline of the government office and the disorder of national administration.
There were tendency of the priority for the dominant class other than the people and a few of powerful family for the official post monopoly, so that pains for the people are ignored. He was criticized and let people know these social paradox. On the other side, miserable reveal of lack of ability were shown.

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