삼한시대 표비의 수용과 획기 –영남지역을 중심으로– (The Acceptance and Periodization of the Bridle Bit at Three–Hans Period –Focused on the Southeastern part of Korea–)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국상고사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국상고사학보 / 62권 / 62호 / 85 ~ 106페이지
· 저자명 : 이상율

초록

지금까지 삼한시대 표비의 특징 및 변화상에 대해서는 영남지역을 중심으로 어느 정도 파악되어 왔으나 변화의 기점에서 그러한 원인이 어디에 있었는지는 언급되지 못하였다. 본고의 목적은 이 문제를 구체적으로 밝혀보고자 한 데 있다. 영남지역에서는 기원전 1세기중엽 이후부터 프로펠라형을 표지로 하는 표비가 등장하는데, 그 조형은 멀리 燕에서 구할수 있으나 영남지역으로 바로 입수된 것이 아니라 낙랑을 비롯한 서북부지방을 거쳐 들어왔음을 언급하였다. 영남지역에 등장하게된 배경으로는 마노관정책의 폐지, 철의 보급과 수용 및 공급이라는 측면을 함께 고려하는 틀속에서 구하였다. 또한 최근 표비를 통해 영남지역의 철기생산연대를 올려보려는 시각에 대해 표비가 그러한 근거자료가 되지 못함을 밝혔다. 프로펠라형표비이후, 2세기중엽경에새롭게등장하는영남고유의고사리상S자형표비는이지역에서철광산의 개발및제철기술의확산, 초강로나목곽묘의 등장등한층 강해진사회경제적기반을토대로등장한 새로운철기제작집단에서그출현배경을찾았다. 3세기부터는이고사리상S자형표비가의기화해나가는데, 이는 제의행위와 관계되는 삼한후기의 사회상과 밀접히관계됨과동시에 당시의역동적인사회상과는달리 마구가차지하는역할이나운용이매우낮았던것으로보았다.

영어초록

The bridle bit of the southeastern part of Korea in the Three–Hans period has turned up since the middle of 1st century B.C. and the process of development of the bridle has been able to divide with four phases. The first phase of the process, as a term of the beginning, has the bridle bit which is the type of a propeller. This phase had lasted with the tomb of a wooden–c o ffin and the former grey earthenware until the middle of the 2nd century. It was limited in this term because the policy of Manokwan of the Han dynasty in China was abolished and the bridle in the southeastern part was transmitted from Nak–rang. The main feature of the second phase was that the bridle bit like a propeller, the former one, has almost disappeared and the bridle bit shaped like 'S' which was the form of bracken has turned up and expanded. This method adopted the shape of bracken was original with the southeastern part. The period of prosperity of this phase was about the latter half of the 2nd century and held the oldest tomb of a wooden–chamber and the former grey earthenware in common. It showed that there was the new social and economic foundation in the southeastern part due to the production of iron and the development of iron manufacture. In the third phase, it was noticeable that the bracken shaped ‘S’ typed bridle bit was specialized and prevailed throughout the first half year of the 3rd century. As changing the standard of the bridle bit, this bridle gradually has become a formal thing and existed with the tomb of a wooden–chamber and the latter grey earthenware. It was the reason why the bridle bit became formal that the bridle bit was connected with the social aspect of the latter Three–Hans period. It meaned that the role and importance of horses was insignificant in a combat. In the fourth phase, the former, the bracken shaped ‘S’ typed bridle bit, continuously has lasted but the disproportion of the bridle has deepened and become malformed completely. It was the final form of the bridle bit of Three–Hans period and corresponded to the latter half of the 3rd century.

참고자료

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