미국 도시사 연구의 특성과 논점 (Important Issues in American Urban History)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사학연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 史叢 / 64호 / 163 ~ 188페이지
· 저자명 : 박진빈

초록

This paper reviews important issues in American urban history by exploring its historiography and discussing major achievements in the field. The first major attempts to study history of city and urbanity in the United States appeared in the 1960s. Following their pioneering works, urban history have produced many research that also influenced American historiography as a whole.
Each time period of American history provides special interests and concerns of the era, which are also represented in urban history. First, urban history of the colonial era produced many research dealing with the construction of first cities in North America. Main topics they discussed are the formation of these settlements, interactions between European settlers, Native Americans, the terms and methods of spacial use and expansion, and so on.
Second, from the Revolutionary War to the Civil War the United States transformed itself from a minor country at the edge of the western hemisphere to the major super power of the world. This evolution was enabled by the great economic developments through the fledgling industrialization and westward expansion, and the results of such changes comprise main themes in urban history: economy, politics and culture of urban labor class, the living of urban poor, the early days of city governments, and spatial development and division in the city.
Third time period encompasses the reformist era from Progressivism to New Deal. Many of the reform tried to answer to the urban problems: immigrants, Great Migration, poverty, and municipal corruption. Naturally, urban history focuses on these issues. Since 1945, American cities experienced many significant changes: removal and renewal in city centers, the growth of suburbs, building public housing projects, and so on. In addition, belated growth of western and southern cities also got much attention from urban historians.
Summing up, the major urban history works in the United States emphasized the significance of understanding history of a city as a process of geographical developments and social changes. In addition, recent works discuss the changes in American cities through the lens of globalization of world economy and social networks of world cities. All these efforts from urban history serve for better understanding of America's past.

영어초록

This paper reviews important issues in American urban history by exploring its historiography and discussing major achievements in the field. The first major attempts to study history of city and urbanity in the United States appeared in the 1960s. Following their pioneering works, urban history have produced many research that also influenced American historiography as a whole.
Each time period of American history provides special interests and concerns of the era, which are also represented in urban history. First, urban history of the colonial era produced many research dealing with the construction of first cities in North America. Main topics they discussed are the formation of these settlements, interactions between European settlers, Native Americans, the terms and methods of spacial use and expansion, and so on.
Second, from the Revolutionary War to the Civil War the United States transformed itself from a minor country at the edge of the western hemisphere to the major super power of the world. This evolution was enabled by the great economic developments through the fledgling industrialization and westward expansion, and the results of such changes comprise main themes in urban history: economy, politics and culture of urban labor class, the living of urban poor, the early days of city governments, and spatial development and division in the city.
Third time period encompasses the reformist era from Progressivism to New Deal. Many of the reform tried to answer to the urban problems: immigrants, Great Migration, poverty, and municipal corruption. Naturally, urban history focuses on these issues. Since 1945, American cities experienced many significant changes: removal and renewal in city centers, the growth of suburbs, building public housing projects, and so on. In addition, belated growth of western and southern cities also got much attention from urban historians.
Summing up, the major urban history works in the United States emphasized the significance of understanding history of a city as a process of geographical developments and social changes. In addition, recent works discuss the changes in American cities through the lens of globalization of world economy and social networks of world cities. All these efforts from urban history serve for better understanding of America's past.

참고자료

· 없음