『天王寺屋会記』의 高麗茶碗 사용자 고찰 (A Study of the Users of Korean tea bowl in『天王寺屋会記』(“Tennojiya-kaiki”))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 85권 / 2호 / 109 ~ 130페이지
· 저자명 : 이현정

초록

本稿は安土桃山時代に多く使われた高麗茶碗の使用者を考察するため、4大茶会記の一つである『天王寺屋会記』を分析したものである。この『天王寺屋会記』は天文17年から元和2年にかけて記録されたもので堺の商人津田宗達、彼の息子宗及、そして孫宗凡の3代にわたる記録である。70年近い期間のあいだ、総1700回の茶会が記録されており、その中で高麗茶碗を使用したのは約470余会に達する。その中には三島、暦、狂言袴、井戸の順で高麗茶碗の様式的な分類名称が登場する。高麗茶碗使用者は戦国時代の豪商と武将とに大別することができる。商人としては堺の豪商である天王寺屋、今井宗久、千利休等と博多の島井宗室、神屋宗湛が、武将としては織田信長とその家臣団、羽柴秀吉が代表的な使用者である。これら商人たちは町人茶道と呼ばれる文化教養人としての地位と為政者の権力を利用して自分達の商業活動の便宜をはかったのである。反面このような商人たちの冨を政治的に利用しようとした武将たちは自分の意図と符合するように茶道を利用した。つまり茶道文化は戦国時代の混乱の中で商人と武将の政治的な会合手段として利用された政経癒着の典型といえる。博多の商人島井宗室は高麗茶碗の日本流入ルートを考える時、最も功のある人物であり、関連史料を分析することにより詳しい情報を得ることができると考える。

영어초록

In this study, the record of the tea ceremony known as (“Tennojiya-kaiki”) is analyzed to investigate the users of Korean tea bowl, whose demand had increased rapidly during the Azuchi-Momoyama period. This record (of the tea ceremony) had been written over three generations by a merchant of Sakai named Tennojiya's Sotatsu TSUDA, his son Sogyu TSUDA, and his grandson Sobon TSUDA from 1548 to 1616. Over approximately 70 years of period, there was about 1700 times of recorded tea ceremony and about 470 times of that ceremony used Korean tea bowl. In addition, specific terms such as “Mishima”, “Koyomi”, “Kyogen-Bakama” and “Ido” that classify the style of Korean tea bowl appeared in the orderly manner. Korean tea bowl was mostly used by merchants and samuraies (warlords of Japanese) during the Age of Civil Wars in Japan. The merchants who used Korean tea bowl were mainly wealthy merchants. To name few, Tennojiya, Sokyu IMAI, SEN no Rikyu from Sakai, and few others along with Soshitsu SHIMAI, Sotan KAMIYA from Hakata and more were listed as the users. Also, Hideyoshi HASHIBA and Nobunaga ODA along with his subordinates were the samurais who also used Korean tea bowl. These culturally educated merchants who were named as ‘Master of tea ceremony’ took advantages of their social status to maximize their business utility in conspiracy with warlords. Furthermore, warlords with desire to take political advantage through these merchants’ wealth used tea ceremonies to converge their intentions. In other words, the collusion between politics and business was used as a means of a political meeting in the disorder of the Age of Civil War in Japan and that was the tea ceremony. Considering the fact that Soshitsu SHIMAI, the merchant of Hakata, played significant role and was credited greatly due to his exceptional commitment to Korean tea bowl's incoming route to Japan, analyzing historical materials and sources related to him would provide more useful information in different aspects.

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