예수회의 북아메리카 전도와 문명간 조우: '예수회 보고서(Jesuit Relations)'를 토대로 (Jesuit Missionary Works in New France and Civilization Encounter)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양사연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양사연구 / 44호 / 1 ~ 39페이지
· 저자명 : 주경철

초록

This paper examines the encounter between North-American native civilization and modern European civilization in the process of Jesuit mission enterprise. In comparison with the Spanish colonization of Central and South America, the French Jesuit fathers in Nouvelle France were not able to use politico-military power to enforce Christianization upon the native people. They were obliged to meet villagers of the local communities in order to deliver missionary messages directly. They made precise reports, not only on their efforts of missionary works, but on the life and environments of the villages they visited in general, and those documents, collected and published under the title of <Jesuit Relations>, provided precious information which shows clearly what happened in those areas in the seventeenth century. The native people would not accept the European religion and culture as long as they could resist foreign powers and keep their own manner of life. To them, Jesuit Fathers were just a new kind of shamans, or malicious sorcerers. However, deep impact of alien plagues, depopulation and collapse of their culture, obliged them to convert to Catholic religion. Society of Jesus dramatized the processes and "invented" missionary heros, that is several martyrs or sincere believers among native people were made holy saints of medieval type, in 'colonial hagiography.' All those processes, however, did not last more than a century and the fate of the native societies resulted in the fall and catastrophe as did in Spanish American colonies.

영어초록

This paper examines the encounter between North-American native civilization and modern European civilization in the process of Jesuit mission enterprise. In comparison with the Spanish colonization of Central and South America, the French Jesuit fathers in Nouvelle France were not able to use politico-military power to enforce Christianization upon the native people. They were obliged to meet villagers of the local communities in order to deliver missionary messages directly. They made precise reports, not only on their efforts of missionary works, but on the life and environments of the villages they visited in general, and those documents, collected and published under the title of <Jesuit Relations>, provided precious information which shows clearly what happened in those areas in the seventeenth century. The native people would not accept the European religion and culture as long as they could resist foreign powers and keep their own manner of life. To them, Jesuit Fathers were just a new kind of shamans, or malicious sorcerers. However, deep impact of alien plagues, depopulation and collapse of their culture, obliged them to convert to Catholic religion. Society of Jesus dramatized the processes and "invented" missionary heros, that is several martyrs or sincere believers among native people were made holy saints of medieval type, in 'colonial hagiography.' All those processes, however, did not last more than a century and the fate of the native societies resulted in the fall and catastrophe as did in Spanish American colonies.

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