미국 원주민 유물 처리 문제와 반환법의 역사적 의미 (Native Americans and the Meaning of the Repatriation Movement)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국아메리카학회
· 수록지 정보 : 미국학 논집 / 43권 / 2호 / 147 ~ 170페이지
· 저자명 : 박진빈

초록

This paper explains the meaning of the ‘Kennewick Man’ incident and discusses its impact in the field of American history. The skull and bones of a man found in the bank of Columbia River in Kennewick, Washington in 1996. The age of this human remain was estimated more than 6000 upto 9000 years, and the national and international interest grew. Under the NAGPRA, the remains of the Native American ancestors should be returned to the descendents for reburial; however, the Kennewick Man has not been returned and still stored at the museum.
To investigate the Kennewick Man case, this paper goes back to the history of the Native Americans since the 19th Century. As the white Americans’ movement toward the west advanced, the Native American’s right to the land was denied. They were evacuated from the mother land, and contained in the reserved areas. Especially the creation of the national parks and the advancement of imperialism increased the mistreatment of the Native American rights.
The Native Americans’ graves were also tore up and their relics and remains became the resources for scientific researches or public display. Many descendents of different tribes struggled to stop the mistreatment of their ancestral legacy. The establishment of the NAGPRA, which stipulated the return of all Native American remains and holy matters to the proper descendents, was the result of their effort.
However, the Kennewich Man case revealed the complex nature of the Native American history and the difficulties of implementing the NAGPRA. The disputes over the Kennewick Man’s racial identity, whether he could be considered as an ancestor of the present day Native American, led to the lawsuit that lasted four years. The court’s final decision declared that no direct kinship relation was found between this skeletal remnants and the present day tribal people. Therefore, the Kennewick Man was not returned to the Native Americans. It is still stored at a museum and the owner of the land where the bones were found have the right to the Kennewick Man.

영어초록

This paper explains the meaning of the ‘Kennewick Man’ incident and discusses its impact in the field of American history. The skull and bones of a man found in the bank of Columbia River in Kennewick, Washington in 1996. The age of this human remain was estimated more than 6000 upto 9000 years, and the national and international interest grew. Under the NAGPRA, the remains of the Native American ancestors should be returned to the descendents for reburial; however, the Kennewick Man has not been returned and still stored at the museum.
To investigate the Kennewick Man case, this paper goes back to the history of the Native Americans since the 19th Century. As the white Americans’ movement toward the west advanced, the Native American’s right to the land was denied. They were evacuated from the mother land, and contained in the reserved areas. Especially the creation of the national parks and the advancement of imperialism increased the mistreatment of the Native American rights.
The Native Americans’ graves were also tore up and their relics and remains became the resources for scientific researches or public display. Many descendents of different tribes struggled to stop the mistreatment of their ancestral legacy. The establishment of the NAGPRA, which stipulated the return of all Native American remains and holy matters to the proper descendents, was the result of their effort.
However, the Kennewich Man case revealed the complex nature of the Native American history and the difficulties of implementing the NAGPRA. The disputes over the Kennewick Man’s racial identity, whether he could be considered as an ancestor of the present day Native American, led to the lawsuit that lasted four years. The court’s final decision declared that no direct kinship relation was found between this skeletal remnants and the present day tribal people. Therefore, the Kennewick Man was not returned to the Native Americans. It is still stored at a museum and the owner of the land where the bones were found have the right to the Kennewick Man.

참고자료

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