근세 조선의 향물(香物) 문화 고찰 - 부용향(芙蓉香)의 역사와 문화 (History and Culture of Booyonghang(芙蓉香))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 121권 / 179 ~ 202페이지
· 저자명 : 김영

초록

芙蓉香は朝鮮時代の王朝実録と承政院日記に本格的に登場し、『東医宝鑑』や『醫 林撮要』などにその製法が記録され、士大夫の文集類にも登場し、次第に朝鮮社会の上 流階級にまで普及·拡散していく様相を呈している。 そして朝鮮王室を代表するお香として婚礼、冊封、官禮などに使用され、王室の権威と権 力を表すシンボルとして用いられたが、近隣の外国に朝鮮国王の下賜品として伝わった。 中国と日本に朝鮮を象徴する香りとして芙蓉香を下賜したという記録から見て、近隣外国は朝鮮 の芙蓉香について早くから認知しており、芙蓉香について高い評価をしていたことが分かる。 その理由は芙蓉香の持つ薬理的効能、すなわち朝鮮の香材の持つ医療的機能をうまく活か した製法により、日本の嗜好的香物とは異なる特性のためであろう。 つまり朝鮮時代の芙蓉香は供養、芳香、浄化、医療など様々な用途で使われたが、日 本の香物とは異なり「治療的効能」が強調されたのが特徴である。 芙蓉香の製法が『東 医宝鑑』などの医書に詳細に記されていることを考えると、香薬の薬理的効能が優先されて いたことが分かる。 それだけでなく、朝鮮の士大夫や両班、女流歌人は日常生活で学問の精進や読書の修 養などにお香を使い、詩を作り、書簡を送る際にも芙蓉香を贈り物として送っていたエピソード も興味深い。 ところが、従来、文学テキストの中に表れた「芙蓉香」は朝鮮を代表する「芙蓉香」と 解釈しなければならなかったにもかかわらず、ほとんどの解説書で固有名詞ではなく、「蓮華 の香り」と解釈する誤りを犯している。 これは「芙蓉=蓮華」という誤りとともに韓国の伝統香 に対する理解不足と研究欠乏がもたらした結果であり、今後早急に是正すべき問題である。

영어초록

Booyonghang appeared in the Joseon Dynasty's chronicles and the Seungjeongwon's diary, and the production method was recorded in "Dongji Bogam(東医宝鑑)" and appeared in the collection of literature by Shidao, and gradually spread to the upper classes of Joseon society.
It was used as a representative incense of the Joseon royal family for weddings, book seals, and government ceremonies, and was used as a symbol of royal authority and power, but was introduced to neighboring foreign countries as a gift from the Joseon king. Judging from the record of giving Booyonghang to China and Japan as a symbol of Korea, it can be seen that neighboring countries recognized Booyonghang in Korea early on and highly praised him. On the other side, it is thought that the medicinal properties of Fuyoko, namely, the medical functions of Joseon incense materials, are different from those of Japanese taste incense.
In other words, Booyonghang was used for various purposes such as memorial service, fragrance, purification, and medical treatment, but unlike Japanese incense, it emphasized its "therapeutic efficacy." Considering the detailed description of Fuyo-ka's production method in medical books such as Tohoku Bokan, it can be seen that the pharmacological efficacy of incense was given priority. In addition, it is interesting to see stories about Joseon scholars, aristocrats, and female poets using incense to cultivate learning and reading in their daily lives, writing poems, and sending letters as gifts. However, even though the word "Booyonghang" that appeared in the literary text had to be interpreted as "Booyonghang" representing Joseon, most of the explanatory notes made a mistake in interpreting it as "the scent of lotus flowers" rather than proper nouns. This is the result of a lack of understanding and research on Korean traditional incense along with the mistake of "Booyong=Renghwa", and this is a problem that needs to be corrected as soon as possible.

참고자료

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