戶名을 통해 본 19세기 職役과 率下奴婢 (Occupations and Domestic Slaves Seen through the Practice of household title)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국사연구 / 144호 / 201 ~ 238페이지
· 저자명 : 김건태

초록

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the background and meaning of progressively wide-spread practice of ‘using slave’s name as the household title’ (homyŏng) in the nineteenth century Korea. In the land registers (yang’an) in the Chosŏn Dynasty (1392~ 1910), the practice of homyŏng was limited to the persons of higher occupation (chikyŏk) on the household register (hojŏk). This suggests that the practice of homyŏng was directly related to one’s occupation.
For example, even toward the end of the nineteenth century, those with a higher occupation of yuhak (Confucian student) were allowed for the practice of homyŏng, while those with a lower occupation of kunyŏk (military service)were not. This suggests that the occupational category of yuhak carried a practical value, contradictingprevious studies that have suggested otherwise.
In view of one’s occupation impacting even the practice of homyŏng, it can be inferred that it had multiple impacts on the everyday life of the people. Hence, there were multiple reasons why the people were so eager to have their occupation registered as yuhak on the household register. It can be surmised that the occupation of yuhak even in the late nineteenth century had been quite relevant to many aspects of everyday life other than the practice of homyŏng.
The practice of homyŏng on the household registers had been rather limited by the eighteenth century. However, the practice of homyŏng became wide-spread, and its rate of usage increased sharply by the mid-nineteenth century. An increasing number of the people came to use the names of domestic slaves as the titles of their households, suggesting changes in managing the household registration system. Moreover, the diseasedslaves rarely appear on the early eighteenth-century household registers, but it was not uncommon to register diseased slaves on the registers by the mid- and late nineteenth century. As a result, a majority of domestic slaves on the mid- and late nineteenth-century registers no longer existed in this world.

영어초록

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the background and meaning of progressively wide-spread practice of ‘using slave’s name as the household title’ (homyŏng) in the nineteenth century Korea. In the land registers (yang’an) in the Chosŏn Dynasty (1392~ 1910), the practice of homyŏng was limited to the persons of higher occupation (chikyŏk) on the household register (hojŏk). This suggests that the practice of homyŏng was directly related to one’s occupation.
For example, even toward the end of the nineteenth century, those with a higher occupation of yuhak (Confucian student) were allowed for the practice of homyŏng, while those with a lower occupation of kunyŏk (military service)were not. This suggests that the occupational category of yuhak carried a practical value, contradictingprevious studies that have suggested otherwise.
In view of one’s occupation impacting even the practice of homyŏng, it can be inferred that it had multiple impacts on the everyday life of the people. Hence, there were multiple reasons why the people were so eager to have their occupation registered as yuhak on the household register. It can be surmised that the occupation of yuhak even in the late nineteenth century had been quite relevant to many aspects of everyday life other than the practice of homyŏng.
The practice of homyŏng on the household registers had been rather limited by the eighteenth century. However, the practice of homyŏng became wide-spread, and its rate of usage increased sharply by the mid-nineteenth century. An increasing number of the people came to use the names of domestic slaves as the titles of their households, suggesting changes in managing the household registration system. Moreover, the diseasedslaves rarely appear on the early eighteenth-century household registers, but it was not uncommon to register diseased slaves on the registers by the mid- and late nineteenth century. As a result, a majority of domestic slaves on the mid- and late nineteenth-century registers no longer existed in this world.

참고자료

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