중세 말 프랑스 왕권과 파리의부르주아 (The French Monarchy and Parisian Bourgeoisie in the Late Medieval Times)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양중세사연구 / 20호 / 67 ~ 92페이지
· 저자명 : 박용진

초록

This study aims to illuminate the relation between the king and the parisian bourgeoisie in the late medieval France, especially until the revolts of Etienne Marcel in 1358. From the beginning of the thirteenth century, Paris was the outstanding city in French kingdom from every aspect. The royal palace was the important client for the parisian merchant. The haute bourgeoisie, who supplied the luxury product to the royal palace, aided the king and, in return, was granted the privileges such as imposing the tax on the products transported on the Seine, measuring and weighing the products and etc. So they easily became the royal offices. In 1260 the king granted Paris to be municipality whose leader was the prévôt des marchands. In other cities, the new municipality was governed by the rising merchant who fought against the traditional bourgeoisie. But in Paris, the composition of parisian elite was never changed. The haute bourgeoisie, or parisian elite, who had rented the royal office, prévôt de Paris, governed the municipality and more easily promoted themselves to the services to the king. This favorable relation between the king and the haute bourgeoisie was maintained and even reinforced until 1358. In this context, the revolt of Etienne Marcel, considered as an attempt to control the royal power by the Estate General, was a deviation. After the revolts, the haute bourgeoisie made the municipality more exclusive.
For the Capetian kings, Paris was the central place where the royal authority revealed and exercised. The parisian bourgeoisie gave the financial aids and the military services to the king and, especially, the haute bourgeoisie was more loyal to the king than to their citizen. So, for the king, Paris was the 'good city(bonne ville)' and the model that the king wanted to impose to the other cities. Actually the king's desire became true. The characters that the parisian haute bourgeoisie had shown in the thirteenth and fourteenth century, were revealed in other cities a centry later. So Paris was the model city from the aspect of centralization.

영어초록

This study aims to illuminate the relation between the king and the parisian bourgeoisie in the late medieval France, especially until the revolts of Etienne Marcel in 1358. From the beginning of the thirteenth century, Paris was the outstanding city in French kingdom from every aspect. The royal palace was the important client for the parisian merchant. The haute bourgeoisie, who supplied the luxury product to the royal palace, aided the king and, in return, was granted the privileges such as imposing the tax on the products transported on the Seine, measuring and weighing the products and etc. So they easily became the royal offices. In 1260 the king granted Paris to be municipality whose leader was the prévôt des marchands. In other cities, the new municipality was governed by the rising merchant who fought against the traditional bourgeoisie. But in Paris, the composition of parisian elite was never changed. The haute bourgeoisie, or parisian elite, who had rented the royal office, prévôt de Paris, governed the municipality and more easily promoted themselves to the services to the king. This favorable relation between the king and the haute bourgeoisie was maintained and even reinforced until 1358. In this context, the revolt of Etienne Marcel, considered as an attempt to control the royal power by the Estate General, was a deviation. After the revolts, the haute bourgeoisie made the municipality more exclusive.
For the Capetian kings, Paris was the central place where the royal authority revealed and exercised. The parisian bourgeoisie gave the financial aids and the military services to the king and, especially, the haute bourgeoisie was more loyal to the king than to their citizen. So, for the king, Paris was the 'good city(bonne ville)' and the model that the king wanted to impose to the other cities. Actually the king's desire became true. The characters that the parisian haute bourgeoisie had shown in the thirteenth and fourteenth century, were revealed in other cities a centry later. So Paris was the model city from the aspect of centralization.

참고자료

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