소설 속의 ‘やる類’동사의 번역양상 7) - 夏目漱石의『こころ』를 중심으로 - (ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION OF 'YARU' IN THE NOVEL - ABOUT NATSUMESOSEKI『KOKORO』 -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 98권 / 1호 / 143 ~ 165페이지
· 저자명 : 양정순

초록

本稿は小説で使われた‘やる類’動詞が韓国語と英語でどのように翻訳され たかについて述べた。翻訳物としては夏目漱石の『こころ』にした。 表現主体と相手による‘やる類’動詞の翻訳様相は次のようである。目上の‘受手’に‘やる’を使ったとしても韓国語訳では目上に使うべき言葉と文体で表 された。目下の‘受手’に使っていた‘あげる･さしあげる’の韓国語訳では普通 の表現が中心となって翻訳された。文の構造による翻訳様相は次のようであ る。本動詞の場合、韓国語訳では移動させる対象によって‘やる類’動詞だけで はなく具体化された動詞が選定･翻訳された。英語訳では、‘receive’ ‘send’ ‘marry’ ‘write’ ‘be+所有代名詞’などの具体的な行為を表す語彙が用いられた。 補助動詞の場合、‘利益･恩惠’ ‘不利益’ ‘意志’ ‘方向’などの意味によって動詞 の選定が異なっている様子が見られた。意志表現の場合、基本型だけで表わ れる日本語に比べて、韓国語訳は‘-get’などの語彙が用いられて翻訳された。 英語訳では ‘will’ ‘must’などの語彙を追加して内容をより明らかにした。授受 動詞+授受動詞で構成された日本語の表現の翻訳は一つの授受動詞に焦点をお いて、もう一つの授受動詞はサーブとして翻訳される傾向があった。‘話者’ ‘聞手’ ‘与手’ ‘受手’が省略された日本語の表現とは異なって、省略された日本 語の文章の‘与手’と‘受手’を英語訳では‘与手’と‘受手’を入れて翻訳される傾向 があった。

영어초록

The study analyzed how ‘Yaru type’ verbs in the Japanese modern novel『Kokor o』were translated to Korean and English. It focused on ‘the use by subjects of expressions and their opponents’ and ‘the structure of sentences’.
‘The use by subjects of expressions and their opponents’ could be summarized as follows. ‘Yaru’ was used to ‘receivers’ who were older than speakers in Japanese but honorific forms were used in Korean. ‘Ageru･Sashiageru’ were used to ‘receivers’ who were younger than speakers in Japanese but normal expressions were used in Korean. Translations in Korean and English by ‘the structure of sentences’ could be summarized as follows. In case of main verbs, vocabulary other than ‘Juda’ was selected by subjects of movement in Korean. Vocabulary that expressed detailed actions such as ‘receive’ ‘send’ ‘marry’ ‘write’ ‘be+possessive pronoun’ was used in English. In case of auxiliary verbs, different verbs were used by their meanings such as ‘profit･gratefulness’ ‘disadvantage’ ‘will’ ‘direction’. In case of expressions of will, basic forms were used in Japanese. However, vocabulary such as ‘-get’ was used to express detailed meanings in Korean and vocabulary such as ‘will’ ‘must’ was added to clarify meanings in English. Japanese expressions made of benefactive verb+benefactive verb focused on one benefactive verb and the other one only assisted the main verb when they were translated to deliver meanings. Because of the characteristic of benefactive verbs, personal relationships could be known even if ‘speakers’ ‘listeners’ ‘givers’ ‘receivers’ were omitted. However, ‘givers’ ‘receivers’ who were omitted in Japanese sentences were clearly suggested as ‘speakers’ ‘listeners’ ‘givers’ ‘receivers’ in English.

참고자료

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