John Calvin’s Understanding of Faith Based on the Doctrine of Justification and Sanctification

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· 발행기관 : 한세대학교 영산신학연구소
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초록

This study examines John Calvin’s understanding of faith and the doctrine of justification and sanctification. In his book, the Institutes of Christian Religion, John Calvin argued that God has provided us with His Word to restore the relationship between God and us. For Calvin, faith is the principal work of the Holy Spirit because He makes us recognize Scripture by illumination. Calvin claimed that the knowledge of faith consists in assurance and we receive a double grace: being reconciled to God through forgiveness of Christ and sanctified by the Spirit of Christ. There is no essential difference between the Reformed theology and the Pentecostal theology in that both equally believe that we are saved by faith alone. Both argue that justification can only be obtained by faith in Jesus Christ, and the holy life that begins in justification is the sovereign ministry of the Holy Spirit. Calvin, who is one of the most influential figures in the Reformed theology, argued that we cannot come to Christ unless we are drawn by the Spirit of God as the Pentecostal theology states. The Reformed theology and the Pentecostal theology equally claim that repentance and forgiveness of sins are core aspects of the gospel and both are conferred on us by Christ through faith. The two theology also differentiates the law and the gospel in a same way. Although law contains a promise of life, if we look upon the law, we can only be despondent, confused, and despairing because the fulfillment of the promise of the law is not possible for us without Christ. In the midst of the debate with Andreas Osiander, who was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer, Calvin argued that we are justified before God solely by the intercession of Christ’s righteousness and thus our righteousness is not in our merit of works but in Christ.

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