오이라트의 위협과 조선의 방어전략 - 진관체제 성립의 역사적 배경 - (The Warning of Oirat's Invasion and Chosun's Defense strategy)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사실학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사와 실학 / 46호 / 41 ~ 70페이지
· 저자명 : 임용한

초록

Chosun's Defense strategy was based on peace of Northeast Asia By Ming(明) Dynasty. But In 1449, it happened that YoungJong(英宗) was captured by Oirat. And It was not long before the word came from China that Oirat might invade Chosun. It made Chosun frightened. Because Chosun's Defense strategy was suited to fortify the border. There was no preparations for invasion.
King Munjong(文宗) and His officials made two plan. The 1st plan construct fortress to stand in enemy's way, and repaired castles in cities[郡縣]. The next plan was mobilization of troops from the South.
Both was good in plan, but there were serious problems in real. There were little fortress, and almost castles were weak.
Therefore cannot help abandon 70% cities in order to reduce defense-line in maximum.
Mobilized soldiers were not trained capable to war. Many soldiers effort to avoid mobilization order. Sureong(守令) could not draft because list of soldier was not in Sureong but in government to pretend revolt.
For the sake of protect more cities, ascending troop's ability,Reformation was needed. Especially, every city had to rise their self - defense ability. But this directly opposed on traditional military policy that government should exclusively possess all military factors.
This strategary needs and conflicts give support to Jingwan-system(鎭管體制).

영어초록

Chosun's Defense strategy was based on peace of Northeast Asia By Ming(明) Dynasty. But In 1449, it happened that YoungJong(英宗) was captured by Oirat. And It was not long before the word came from China that Oirat might invade Chosun. It made Chosun frightened. Because Chosun's Defense strategy was suited to fortify the border. There was no preparations for invasion.
King Munjong(文宗) and His officials made two plan. The 1st plan construct fortress to stand in enemy's way, and repaired castles in cities[郡縣]. The next plan was mobilization of troops from the South.
Both was good in plan, but there were serious problems in real. There were little fortress, and almost castles were weak.
Therefore cannot help abandon 70% cities in order to reduce defense-line in maximum.
Mobilized soldiers were not trained capable to war. Many soldiers effort to avoid mobilization order. Sureong(守令) could not draft because list of soldier was not in Sureong but in government to pretend revolt.
For the sake of protect more cities, ascending troop's ability,Reformation was needed. Especially, every city had to rise their self - defense ability. But this directly opposed on traditional military policy that government should exclusively possess all military factors.
This strategary needs and conflicts give support to Jingwan-system(鎭管體制).

참고자료

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