팍스 로마나(pax Romana)시대 지중해 세계의 언어들 (On the Configuration of Linguistic Map of the Ancient Mediterranean World in the Age of Pax Romana)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사학보 / 210호 / 295 ~ 325페이지
· 저자명 : 김덕수

초록

This paper studies the influence of the Latin language (lingua Latina) in the Roman Empire. Originally, Latin was spoken only in Latium, a region in central western Italy and the city of Rome. However, as Rome gradually expanded from a collection of modest villages to a city, and then to an empire, the use of Latin similarly expanded from Latium to all Italy and thence to the ancient Mediterranean world,In short, all of Italy and the western provinces, other than Greek communities,especially Spain, Gaul, and North Africa experienced a high degree of Romanization.
As a result of the process rivals languages like Latin-Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian,Sabellian and Celtic etc. gradually disappeared, leaving Latin the official language of both national and local government. In the eastern provinces however,Romans could not impose Latin on their subjects, for Greek was widespread in these regions since the Hellenistic Age. Romans themselves have already begun to accept agressively Greek culture and Greek language long before the beginning of Roman military and political expansion in Italy. So Rome itself became Hellenized and as Horace said, “Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit” (Conquered Greece took captive her rude conquer) while common people spoke in local languages.
In sum, Latin did not, or could not conquer the ancient eastern Mediterranean world and Latin, Greek, and numerous local languages coexisted in the West and the East during the Pax Romana.

영어초록

This paper studies the influence of the Latin language (lingua Latina) in the Roman Empire. Originally, Latin was spoken only in Latium, a region in central western Italy and the city of Rome. However, as Rome gradually expanded from a collection of modest villages to a city, and then to an empire, the use of Latin similarly expanded from Latium to all Italy and thence to the ancient Mediterranean world,In short, all of Italy and the western provinces, other than Greek communities,especially Spain, Gaul, and North Africa experienced a high degree of Romanization.
As a result of the process rivals languages like Latin-Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian,Sabellian and Celtic etc. gradually disappeared, leaving Latin the official language of both national and local government. In the eastern provinces however,Romans could not impose Latin on their subjects, for Greek was widespread in these regions since the Hellenistic Age. Romans themselves have already begun to accept agressively Greek culture and Greek language long before the beginning of Roman military and political expansion in Italy. So Rome itself became Hellenized and as Horace said, “Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit” (Conquered Greece took captive her rude conquer) while common people spoke in local languages.
In sum, Latin did not, or could not conquer the ancient eastern Mediterranean world and Latin, Greek, and numerous local languages coexisted in the West and the East during the Pax Romana.

참고자료

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