韩国学生可能式“V得/不上”语义习得的偏误分析 — 基于语料库 — (A Study on Korean Students' Semantic Acquisition of Possible Complement Structure "V de/bu shang" -- Based on corpus --)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중국어교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 중국어교육과 연구 / 35호 / 237 ~ 259페이지
· 저자명 : Ting Lei, Yinuo Chen

초록

本文基于韩国学生汉语中介语语料库，考察了韩国学生可能式‘V得/不上’的习得情况。结论大致如下：
第一，总体上看，‘V不上’的用例数要高于‘V得上’，但是‘V得上’的偏误率却高于‘V不上’。在习得过程中，经常出现错序、与其他补语混淆、可能补语内部混淆、其他混淆、误用和遗漏等五种偏误类型。
第二，韩国学习者在习得可能式“V得/不上”的偏误特征和规律大致可以整理为：1）韩国学生使用“现实上向位移”这个义项的用例占比远低于汉语母语者使用该义项的用例占比，表明韩国学生在表达“现实上向位移”含义的时候对可能式“V得/不上”可能采取了回避策略；2）“达到某种标准”是韩国学生用例最多的义项，出现的偏误类型也最多，有遗漏、混淆、误用和错序等四种；3）“实现某个目标”偏误率最高，是韩国学生最难习得的义项；4）肯定式“V得上”每个义项的偏误率都略高于“V不上”，推测可能与汉语和韩语中“可能/不可能”表达式的不对称有关；5）从整体上看，韩国学习者在习得可能式“V得/不上”的时候出现了混淆、错序、误用、遗漏等多种偏误类别，其中混淆类最多，混淆类偏误出现在了所有义项的习得过程中，并贯穿了学习者的整个学习阶段。
最后，根据偏误分析的结果，本文还对可能式“V得/不上”的教学提出了几点建议。

영어초록

Based on the Chinese inter-language corpus of Korean students, this paper examines the Korean students’ acquisition of the structure ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’. The conclusions are as follows:
Firstly, the number of use cases of ‘V bu shang(V不上)’ is higher than that of ‘V de shang(V得上)’, but the error rate of ‘V de shang(V得上)’ is higher than that of ‘V bu shang(V不上)’. In the process of acquisition, there are five types of errors, such as misorder, confusion of ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’ with other complement, confusion of ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’ with other possible complement, other confusion, misuse and omission.
Secondly, the error characteristics and rules of Korean learners in acquiring the possible expression ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’ can be roughly sorted out as follows: 1) The use case proportion of Korean students using the term ‘realistic upward displacement’ is much lower than that of Chinese native speakers, indicating that Korean students may avoid using the construction ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’ when expressing the meaning of ‘upward movement’; 2) ‘reach a certain standard’ is the most common meaning in Korean students’ use cases, and also the most frequent type of errors, including omission, confusion, misuse and misorder; 3) ‘achieve a certain goal’ has the highest error rate and is the most difficult meaning for Korean students to learn; 4) The error rate of each meaning of the positive expression ‘V shang(V上)’ is slightly higher than that of ‘V bushang(V不上)’, which may be related to the asymmetry of ‘possible/impossible’ expressions in Chinese and Korean. 5) Overall, when Korean learners acquire the possible expression ‘V de/bu shang(V得/不上)’, there are confusion, misorder, misuse, omission, among which confusion is most frequent type, which occurs in the acquisition process of all meanings and runs through the whole learning stage of learners.
Finally, according to the results of error analysis, this paper puts forward some advices for teaching ‘V de/bu shang’ to Korean students.

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