唐代 黃巢亂과 皮日休詩의 相關性 考 (On the relationship with Huang Chao Luan and P'i Jih-hsiu's poetry)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 외국문학연구 / 8호 / 154 ~ 184페이지
· 저자명 : 류성준

초록

晩唐代의 정치사회의 기풍은 쇠미와 부패, 그리고 방탕과 혼란이 난무하고, 그로 인해서 민심은 離叛되고 현실도피의 의식이 팽배하면서 곳곳에서 戰亂이 연발하였다. 그 와중에 王仙芝의 반란에 黃巢가 가담하여 亂을 일으키니(875년), 唐王朝는 일시적이나마 국호를 박탈당하고 황소가 황제를 칭하는 참변이 발생한 것이다.(883년 黃巢亂이 종식됨)따라서 문단에 있어서도 溫庭筠․李商隱 등을 중심으로 한 唯美派와 中唐代의 元稹․白居易 등을 推崇한 寫實派가 兩極化하는 사조를 보여 주었다.

영어초록

P'i Jih-hsiu(834-883) is known for his poetry, which portrayed the social injustices of his era, for his advocacy of Mencius and Han Yü, and for his literary association with an insular Soochow coterie centered about Lu Kueimeng. He traveled widely in his late teens, perhaps seeking a patron. Provincial life kept him in close touch with the people and much of his early verse reflects their concerns and hardships:Deep into autumn the acorns ripen,Scattering as they fall into the hillside scrub.
Hunched over, a hoary-haired crone Gathers them, treading the morning frost.
(From “Hsiang-wen t'an” [Lament of an Old Acorn-gatherer])Having been in the capital off and on since 864, P'i passed the chin-shih examination in 867. He seems to have never been comfortable in the capital city, which was indeed not the mecca for young graduates it had been several generations earlier. Unable to find either patron or position―the two wend hand in hand in the late T'ang―he went to Soochow and attached himself to the coterie of the prefect, Ts'ui P'u. in a matter of months he and Lu Kueimeng, a scion of a prominent local clan, had become fast friends.
P'i traveled back to the capital and served in the government there, attaining the rank of Erudite of the National University. His family may have stayed in the South. And as he returned there in 880 with an appointment to a post in Ch'ang chou he encountered Huang Ch'ao and his rebel horded returning from Canton. Apparently swept up by the possibility of replacing a corrupt regime, P'i joined the rebels and upon their arrival in Ch'ang-an was made a Han-lin Academician in the Ta-Ch'i dynasty. It soon became apparent that Huang Ch'ao was not receptive to advice from his courtiers; many of them were persecuted for admonishing him. Although there are several accounts of P'i's death(this is the other major concern of modern critics, but none of the theories has solid textual support), it seems most likely that P'i offended Huang Ch'ao and was put to death by the rebel leader.
P'i Jih-hsiu's poetic legacy represents the two major tendencies of the late T'ang(didactic and baroque) and perhaps illustrates by its inadequacies some of the reasons for the prominent place of the new lyrics(tz'u) on the literary stage of the Five Dynasties and Sung. The inner drive which seems to have steered P'i through his capricious career―from avid reformer, to recluse-poet, to rebel―in addition to the large and varied corpus he has left, make him one of the most fascinating minor literary figures of the late T'ang. But his adherence to ancient-style prose, his advocacy of Mencius, his interest in philosophy, and his lowly social origins tie him more closely to the intellectual milieu of the early Sung.

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