19세기말 20세기 초 재조선 일본여성의 정체성과 조선여성교육사업: 기독교 여성 후치자와 노에(淵澤能惠, 1850-1936)를 중심으로 (A Study on the Identity of Japanese women in Korea and Their Activities for the Education of Korean Women in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century: Focused on Christian woman Huchijawa Noe (淵澤能惠, 1850-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 부산경남사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사와경계 / 73호 / 137 ~ 172페이지
· 저자명 : 윤정란

초록

This study purposed to examine what identity the women of Imperial Japan living in Korea had in the colonial society, and for this purpose, we chose Huchijawa Noe as a case to be analyzed. Huchijawa, who was born before the Meiji Revolution, came to Korea by accident. For around 30 years in Korea, she participated in activities for the education of Korean women and group activities of Japanese women in Korea. Huchijawa’s identity was determined by Ebina, Gojaki, young people from Gumamoto, Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Women’s Patriotic Association, etc. Ebina is the person who asserted the Russo-Japanese War to be a righteous war for the construction of the imperial nation and maintained that the most urgent post-war task is the Japanization of Manchurians and Koreans and Christians must lead the assimilation. In addition, Gojaki argued, after the occupation of Korea by Japan, that Christians should enlighten Koreans into imperial citizens through moral practices. Huchijawa respected the two persons and was influenced by them to the end of her life. In addition, Huchijawa’s activities for the education of Korean women were consistent with idea that Japanese women in the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union should enlighten and guide Korean women.
The activities of the Korean branch of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union were almost identical with those of the Korean branch of the Japanese Women’s Patriotic Association, which was organized for comforting soldiers joining the war for the overseas expansion of Japan, and the leaders of the two organizations were exchanging with each other. Huchijawa’s thorough service and devotion to her students imitated Christians’ practical attitude for the assimilation of Koreans to Japanese advocated by Gojaki. Because of this identity, her educational policy at Sukmyeong Girls’ School aimed at the reinforcement of gender order for the faithful implementation of the ideology of the imperial system.
The reason that she controlled her own life in Korea strictly and trained students thoroughly was found in her sense of superiority as an imperial woman who was supposed to be exemplary to Koreans. Huchijawa, who could be not a perfect subject of the emperor in Japanese society, defined Korean women as others to be enlightened, and tried to be a perfect subject in Korea, a colonized space. In order to be a perfect subject of the emperor, she created a more virtuous image in Korea. After all, in the colonized space, Huchijawa realized her mental and material desires such as financial stability and the sense of mission to guide and enlighten Korean women.

영어초록

This study purposed to examine what identity the women of Imperial Japan living in Korea had in the colonial society, and for this purpose, we chose Huchijawa Noe as a case to be analyzed. Huchijawa, who was born before the Meiji Revolution, came to Korea by accident. For around 30 years in Korea, she participated in activities for the education of Korean women and group activities of Japanese women in Korea. Huchijawa’s identity was determined by Ebina, Gojaki, young people from Gumamoto, Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Women’s Patriotic Association, etc. Ebina is the person who asserted the Russo-Japanese War to be a righteous war for the construction of the imperial nation and maintained that the most urgent post-war task is the Japanization of Manchurians and Koreans and Christians must lead the assimilation. In addition, Gojaki argued, after the occupation of Korea by Japan, that Christians should enlighten Koreans into imperial citizens through moral practices. Huchijawa respected the two persons and was influenced by them to the end of her life. In addition, Huchijawa’s activities for the education of Korean women were consistent with idea that Japanese women in the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union should enlighten and guide Korean women.
The activities of the Korean branch of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union were almost identical with those of the Korean branch of the Japanese Women’s Patriotic Association, which was organized for comforting soldiers joining the war for the overseas expansion of Japan, and the leaders of the two organizations were exchanging with each other. Huchijawa’s thorough service and devotion to her students imitated Christians’ practical attitude for the assimilation of Koreans to Japanese advocated by Gojaki. Because of this identity, her educational policy at Sukmyeong Girls’ School aimed at the reinforcement of gender order for the faithful implementation of the ideology of the imperial system.
The reason that she controlled her own life in Korea strictly and trained students thoroughly was found in her sense of superiority as an imperial woman who was supposed to be exemplary to Koreans. Huchijawa, who could be not a perfect subject of the emperor in Japanese society, defined Korean women as others to be enlightened, and tried to be a perfect subject in Korea, a colonized space. In order to be a perfect subject of the emperor, she created a more virtuous image in Korea. After all, in the colonized space, Huchijawa realized her mental and material desires such as financial stability and the sense of mission to guide and enlighten Korean women.

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