ch÷ n«m v v¨n häc n«m – mét th nh tùu rùc rìcña v¨n ho¸ viÖt nam thêi trung ®¹i

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 조선대학교 국제문화연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 국제문화연구 / 2권 / 1호 / 1 ~ 19페이지
· 저자명 : §inh ThÞ Khang

초록

After obtaining the nation’s independence, Vietnam feudal dynasties continued to use Han as the official script. However, to satisfy people’s daily need, Nom was created and became an outstanding accomplishment in Vietnamese literature, which expressed the national esteem, power as well as position of Vietnamese language. Nom script was steadily improved, and Vietnamese people started to use Nom in literature work from XIII century.
This was a significant improvement in national esteem and as well as a remarkable development in literature.
History of Nom literature spread in seven centuries and was divided into four periods: Period 1 (the X century – the XIV century): Come along with Han, Nom script started to appear in literature since Tran’s dynasties. This is the vital achievement in the period which set up the basis for the development of composing in national language in the following centuries.
Period 2 (the XV century – the XVII century): Besides accomplishments in Han compositions, Nom literature with diverse styles was well developed and attained worthy achievements, which set a firm fundamental for the development later on. The success of Tho Nom Duong luat was marked with the existence of massive collections (including hundreds of poems). This time was the outstanding period in the literature history.
Period 3 (the XVIII century – the beginning of XIX century): This time was considered as the golden age in the history with a notable development in Nom literature. With traditional literary styles, compositions written in Nom created masterpieces in literary heritages.
Period 4 (from the late XIX century): In transformation process of national literature from medieval to modern, Nom compositions continuously played an importance role in create the unique features in this stage .
The appearance and development of Nom literature is a must in the Vietnamese literature history in the process of building up our literature. In this process, the compositions written by several famous authors, for example Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Binh Khiem, Doan Thi Diem, Nguyen Gia Thieu, Ho Xuan Huong, Nguyen Du, Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nguyen Khuyen, Tu Xuong, and etc., have created a series of valued masterpiece; among those, ‘Doan truong tan thanh’ (Truyen Kieu) written by Nguyen Du is consider the number one masterpiece. Hence, Nom literature achievement has claimed an important role of Vietnamese language in literature compositions.
The appearance of Nom script and Nom literature are astounding successes of Vietnamese literature in medieval period.
With Nom written language, so many traditional literary styles were created and added worthy values into Vietnamese literature. The first achievement was to vietnamize Duong luat style to make up Tho Nom Duong luat – a style of poetry of which all the features of Vietnamese poetry were taken into account. The second success was creating two kinds of written compositions named Truyen Nom and Khuc ngam song that luc bat on the basis of folk poetry ( six –eight meter and double seven six-eight meter style) In Nom compositions, public language used to be considered informal speech was brought into written work. The process of setting up Nom literature was the development of language selection and usage as well as the improvement in expression abilities and art level of national language.
Nom compositions insisted the values, fates, right of existence and aspirations of human, especially those of women. Those were the general topics in our literature which followed humanism. As a result, democracy in content which required nationalized manners of expression in terms of written language, style of poetry and speech became the norm in Vietnamese literature.
Vietnam has officially been a member of IRG since 2000. Written Nom has been encoded to add into international symbol system with similar script in the area. As a result, Nom written language created by Vietnamese people has been internationally recognized as a unique contribution to the cultural treasure of humanity.

참고자료

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