도손 말년연구-1940년 전후의 시대인식- (Study on Towson’s Later Years -Awareness of the Times Before and After 1940-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 87권 / 2호 / 263 ~ 279페이지
· 저자명 : 천선미

초록

60歳を過ぎた藤村は、以前ずっと執着してきた個人的な問題から脱却したし、名望のある作家として、また尊敬される社会の指導者として、もはや国家と社会の発展をために自分の意見を披瀝し始めた。1930年代後半まで藤村は日本を今より世界に開放して疎通しなければならないと強調して、いわゆる'世界主義'を主張した。しかし、国際ペンクラブ大会に出席するため旅に出た南米旅行(1936~1937)以降、藤村は従来とは違った新たな変化を見せ始めた。つまり国際大会の参加をきっかけに各国の別のイデオロギーのため、純粋な文学分野でも政治的になった国際社会の動向を肌で感じ、藤村はしばらく忘れていた'祖国愛'をまた感じるようになる。以降から藤村は'国家主義'と'世界主義'という対立的な思想を全て収容し始めた。その変化は『力餅』と「『東方の門』の構想ノート」の晩年の作品でよく現われていた。帝国芸術院の議員に推された後から発表された作品は以前よりもっと思想の境界がなくなり、さまざまな状況に収容して展開していた。時にはナショナリズムに依拠して戦争を賛美して扇動するため、愛国心を刺激する記事を書いたりしたものの、一方では長い戦争でくたびれた国民を眺めながら長期戦争に突入する戦争によって疲弊していく現実を不憫に描いたりもした。ところで、この時期の書き込みは一時期にそれぞれ集中されておらず、持続的に繰り返されていた。結局、1940年前後、藤村の時局に対処しようとした姿勢は、周囲と思想、そして是非に関係なく、状況に従おうとしたものであったことを知ることができた。今まで調べた1940年代前後の藤村の行動から知ることができたのは2つである。第一、意図してもしなくても以前までの時代に対する言及がほとんどなかった藤村が初めて自分の意見をある程度披瀝したということにあり、第二、多くの人生逆境と戦争を経験した藤村が当時、厳しい生活を強いられている国民らに結果的に両面の価値性を認めて時代順応という人生のノウハウを伝えることになったのだ。

영어초록

Away from his own personal matters, Towson in his 60s began to express his own ideas on a variety of issues about nation and society as a prestigious writer and a respectable social leader. Until the late 1930s, Towson supported cosmopolitanism, arguing that Japan should open its door to the world more widely. However, after his trip to South America for the purpose of attending The International Pen Conference(1936~1937), he began to show changes of his view. Towson felt his forgotten love for his country again after witnessing international tendency in which a range of ideologies swayed even literature at the international conference.
Before and after 1940, Towson began to accept both ‘Nationalism’ and ‘Cosmopolitanism,’ which seem contradictory. Especially, his later works such as 『Chikara Mochi(力餠)』and 『Writer's Note of Tōhō no mon (東方の門 The Gate to the East)』show this change remarkably. Over time, Towson acknowledged and accepted even more various circumstances, which was outstanding in his newspaper editorials and speeches published after he became a member of The Imperial Art Academy in 1940. Even though he wrote some patriotic poems to glorify and encourage a war, he also strongly criticized the long war which made people tired. These contradictory writings were repeatedly published around those times.
To sum up, Towson expressed his thought and arguments before and after 1940, depending on the situations regardless of ideas dan ideologies. Though he is sometimes criticized for being opportunistic for survival in times of media censorship, he by no means did it only for himself. Instead, Towson in his later years, just before his death due to his illness, tried to deliver his instructions for life earned through many wars he experienced for long years to people who had a weary life. The instructions he tried to deliver were to acknowledge and accept all with generous viewpoints regardless of ideologies.

참고자료

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