王世子 冊封으로 본 淸･朝 관계(康熙 35년∼乾隆 2년) (The Qing–Joseon Relations Surrounding the Investiture of Crown Prince, 1696-1737)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양사학연구 / 146호 / 193 ~ 230페이지
· 저자명 : 손성욱

초록

This paper examines the negotiations between Qing and Joseon on the petitions for the investiture of Joseon crown prince, made four times from the 35th year of Kangxi until the second year of Qianlong, so as to understand the significance that investiture had in the tribute-investiture relations and to paint a true picture of the bilateral relationship. In the 35th year of Kangxi, Joseon petitioned Qing for the investiture of Yi Yun, the eldest of the illegitimate sons of King Sukjong, as crown prince, but Qing refused. It was only after another petition made in the following year that Qing agreed to confer. Qing’s rejection in the 35th year of Kangxi was the first and the last for the duration of the Qing – Joseon relationship. Because it was the only time it happened, it is generally believed that Qing’s investiture for Joseon was a normally formality implemented without a problem. However, Joseon made the petition three times until the second year of Qianlong and ultimately received the answer it wanted, but the process in which the Joseon’s envoys were sent to Qing to get the formal acknowledgement was not without challenge. It was because Qing did not regard the crown prince of Joseon to be up to its investiture rites and also because Qing had reinforced its “rule by rites” (禮治). To address this issue, Joseon drafted a separate document to elaborate on the reason for investiture and justify the cause, and endeavored to get the conferment by negotiating via unofficial channels. The process for investiture of crown prince, which consists of a contradiction between two countries, moderating the conflicts, seeking exits, and reaching a state of stability, mirrors the aspect of change that affected the Joseon – Qing relations.

영어초록

This paper examines the negotiations between Qing and Joseon on the petitions for the investiture of Joseon crown prince, made four times from the 35th year of Kangxi until the second year of Qianlong, so as to understand the significance that investiture had in the tribute-investiture relations and to paint a true picture of the bilateral relationship. In the 35th year of Kangxi, Joseon petitioned Qing for the investiture of Yi Yun, the eldest of the illegitimate sons of King Sukjong, as crown prince, but Qing refused. It was only after another petition made in the following year that Qing agreed to confer. Qing’s rejection in the 35th year of Kangxi was the first and the last for the duration of the Qing – Joseon relationship. Because it was the only time it happened, it is generally believed that Qing’s investiture for Joseon was a normally formality implemented without a problem. However, Joseon made the petition three times until the second year of Qianlong and ultimately received the answer it wanted, but the process in which the Joseon’s envoys were sent to Qing to get the formal acknowledgement was not without challenge. It was because Qing did not regard the crown prince of Joseon to be up to its investiture rites and also because Qing had reinforced its “rule by rites” (禮治). To address this issue, Joseon drafted a separate document to elaborate on the reason for investiture and justify the cause, and endeavored to get the conferment by negotiating via unofficial channels. The process for investiture of crown prince, which consists of a contradiction between two countries, moderating the conflicts, seeking exits, and reaching a state of stability, mirrors the aspect of change that affected the Joseon – Qing relations.

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