20세기 이래 고려청자 그리고 고려다완, 왜 만들게 됐나 (Why Korean potters have made Goryeo Celadon and Korean Tea Bowl(Chawan) since 20th century?)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 일본연구 / 77호 / 7 ~ 30페이지
· 저자명 : 김현아

초록

植民地の時期、韓半島には高麗青磁の収集ブームが起った。日本人は豪奢趣味のために、朝鮮王室では李王家博物館の設立を目的として不法的に盗掘された高麗青磁を高価で購買した。 高麗青磁を所有しようとする人が急増すると、韓半島に日本人が設立した高麗焼も建てられた。 そしてここで生産した高麗青磁の模倣品を日本と海外に販売した。解放後、社会混乱と6.25戦争で高麗青磁のブームはしばらく止まるが、1965年に韓日協定を締結した後、再び活発になる。 日本人たちが青磁を買うために韓国に来たからだ。この時から京畿道利川とその近隣地域に青磁を作る工房が続々となり、日本人が望む高麗青磁の再現品を造ることになる。青磁がすなわちお金の時代が開かれるようになった。すると、韓国の陶芸家らの一部が日本で高麗茶碗の製作方式を学んできており、日本に研修を行ってきば茶がもっとよく売れている不思議な現象が起きた。しかし、このようにもたらした茶には詫びの思想で言う無作為の美しさを見つけることは難しい。 韓国で茶碗と呼ばれる器をお茶を飲むとき使用する器と認識して作り始めたのは1960年代半ば以降だ。最初は慣れていない器なのに苦戦を免れなかったが、韓日協定の以降、日本人の高麗茶碗を愛好する傾向のおかげに販路が開かれるようになった。 高麗青磁と高麗茶碗は韓国の誇り高き文化遺産であり、当然韓国人たちが継承しなければならない。このためには、まず20世紀の以降、青磁と碗をどうして生産し、誰が消費したのかを振り返らなければならない。そうしてこそ、これから高麗青磁と高麗茶碗の伝統をどのように発展させるか、青写真を描くことができるだろう。

영어초록

During the colonial era, colleting the Goryeo Celadon became a fever in the Korean peninsula. The Japanese purchased the Goryeo Celadon as a personal extravagant hobby, and the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty bought the ones, which was illegally robbed from ancient tombs, for establishing a royal museum. As the demand for Goryeo Celadon grew rapidly, the Japanese built a celadon factory on the Korean peninsula, and produced it. Then, they directly sold it to Japanese people or exported it to overseas markets. After the national independence from Japan, the social confusion and the Korean War cooled down the fever of colleting the Goryeo Celadon for a while. The 1965 Treaty between Korea and Japan enabled Japanese people to come back to Korea and buy celadons. Since then, workshops for making celadon had been established in Icheon and neighboring areas of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea, and they made a reproduction of the Goryeo Celadon desired by the Japanese. When making the celadon emerged as a high-profit area, antique dealers, businessmen, and even government officials became a potter. It was a time of easily making money with the celadon.
Korea potters began to make Korean Tea Bowl(Chawan) since the mid 1960. At first, they struggled to sell it, but after the 1965 Treaty on Basic Relations between the Republic of Korea and Japan, they found a market based on the Japanese' love toward Chawan. Then Korean potters went to Japan and learned how to make a Chawan. The irony was that It boosted up the sales of Chawan. However, it was hard to find the beauty of the 'randomness' which is said in Japan as well as the tradition of an unfashioned bowl in the Joseon Dynasty era.
The Goryeo Celadon and an unfashioned bowl in the Joseon Dynasty era, which the Japanese called as Chawan were ones of Korea's proud cultural heritages, and it should be inherited by the Koreans. Therefore, it is necessary to look back at whether the Koreans have played a central role in the production and consumption of Celadon and Chawan, and how to develop those in the future.

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