산스끄리뜨 딴뜨라에 나타난 여신 숭배가 갖는 사회 통합의 의미 (Historical Implications of Tantric Goddess in Medieaval Indian Society)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 부산경남사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사와경계 / 67호 / 251 ~ 270페이지
· 저자명 : 이광수

초록

Hinduism has the most elaborate tradition of living Goddess worship of all the world's religions. Hindu conceptions of female deities and the Great Goddess stem from the Śakti, the supreme female power. Śakti is the source of all creation and sustain the world.
The question of the relationship between Hindu goddesses and women in Indian society is so complex. By virtue of the common feminine nature of the goddess and the women, women are in some contexts regarded as special manifestations of the Goddess. And women are regarded as sharing in her powers. Nevertheless, the existence of the Hindu Goddess has not appeared outwardly to have benefitted women's position in Indian society.
In the early India, women enjoyed a higher status in the tribal belts where the cult of the mother goddess was widely prevalent. Since in the Sanskrit texts they were bracjeted with the Śūdras, it was only proper that their ritual status be also raised, and this was done by prescribing Tantric initiation for them. The cult of mother goddess acquire an outstanding place in the literature only in the sixth century. The aboriginal mother goddesses came to be worshipped in the form of Śakti. Tantricism therefore was the ultimate product of the brahmanical colonization of the tribal area through the process of land grant in the early medieval India.
From the time, the Goddess tradition of Tantricism has made a sweeping victory and has feminized Hinduism. It has overturned the structure of the existing Hindu myth. In the new structure, the feminine comes front of the mythical structure and the masculine was subdued down. Tanricism, yet, the mere the overturn of the outshape only. It never touched the essence of the existing male centered feudal society.
Nevertheless, on the one hand the Tantricism welcomed the Śūdras and women in its rank, on the other hand it recognized the existing social and feudal hierarchy from which patriarchal system is the most prominent. Goddesses are not the product of the feminist society, but are the creation of the patriarchal males and serve their needs.

영어초록

Hinduism has the most elaborate tradition of living Goddess worship of all the world's religions. Hindu conceptions of female deities and the Great Goddess stem from the Śakti, the supreme female power. Śakti is the source of all creation and sustain the world.
The question of the relationship between Hindu goddesses and women in Indian society is so complex. By virtue of the common feminine nature of the goddess and the women, women are in some contexts regarded as special manifestations of the Goddess. And women are regarded as sharing in her powers. Nevertheless, the existence of the Hindu Goddess has not appeared outwardly to have benefitted women's position in Indian society.
In the early India, women enjoyed a higher status in the tribal belts where the cult of the mother goddess was widely prevalent. Since in the Sanskrit texts they were bracjeted with the Śūdras, it was only proper that their ritual status be also raised, and this was done by prescribing Tantric initiation for them. The cult of mother goddess acquire an outstanding place in the literature only in the sixth century. The aboriginal mother goddesses came to be worshipped in the form of Śakti. Tantricism therefore was the ultimate product of the brahmanical colonization of the tribal area through the process of land grant in the early medieval India.
From the time, the Goddess tradition of Tantricism has made a sweeping victory and has feminized Hinduism. It has overturned the structure of the existing Hindu myth. In the new structure, the feminine comes front of the mythical structure and the masculine was subdued down. Tanricism, yet, the mere the overturn of the outshape only. It never touched the essence of the existing male centered feudal society.
Nevertheless, on the one hand the Tantricism welcomed the Śūdras and women in its rank, on the other hand it recognized the existing social and feudal hierarchy from which patriarchal system is the most prominent. Goddesses are not the product of the feminist society, but are the creation of the patriarchal males and serve their needs.

참고자료

· 없음