중부지역 낙랑계 토기 및 철기에 대하여 – 북한강유역 춘천지역을 중심으로- (About Nakrang-type Artifacts in Central Region of Korea)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 중부고고학회
· 수록지 정보 : 고고학 / 16권 / 3호 / 137 ~ 171페이지
· 저자명 : 권도희

초록

원삼국시대 한반도 중부지역의 토기는 경질무문토기가 표지적인 유물로 이들과 함께 낙랑(계)유물이 일부 확인되어 선진적 문화를 가진 낙랑지역과 교류가 있었음을 짐작할 수 있다.
낙랑계유물은 한강하류역, 임진강유역, 한탄강유역, 북한강유역, 영동지역 등 전 지역에서 확인되며 특히 북한강유역에 집중도가 높은 편이다. 북한강유역에서 낙랑계토기는 1차 타날흔이 관찰되는 타날문단경호, 시루, 분형토기, 완, 반 등이 있으며 타지역에 비해 평저호가 다수 확인된다. 평저호는 낙랑지역에서도 전시기에 걸쳐 확인되나 북한강유역의 평저호는 점차 고속의 물레흔, 사절흔, 암문 등이 사라져 가며, 동체부 전면에 타날을 남기는 등 점차 재지화된 형태로 변화된다. 이외에도 동체부의 형태와 크기는 타날문단경호와 유사하며 목이 좁고 길어지는 세경호 등 낙랑의 제도술에서 벗어난 특징적인 기형이 나타나기도 한다. 철기도 낙랑지역과의 교류관계를 알 수 있는 소형 주조괭이가 다수 보이며, 송풍관, 완형재, 미완성철기 등이 다수 확인되어 점차 지역에서 철기를 생산하는 수준에 이르렀음을 알 수 있다.
낙랑계토기와 철기가 출토되는 유구에서는 방추차의 출토비율도 높은 편으로 낙랑토성 출토품과 유사한 문양이 새겨진 석제방추차가 확인되어, 제도술과 제철술 외에도 방직술에도 낙랑의 영향이 있었음을 알 수 있다.

영어초록

During the proto-three kingdom period in the Korean peninsula, each regional political system is formed in order to be developed into each ancient kingdom. The material culture developed in such kingdoms had some specific features respectively. In the central region, many living sites rather than tomb sites were excavated and the representative artifact was hard-plain pottery. Since some of Nakrang pottery and Nakrang-type pottery together with the artifacts mentioned above were excavated, it explains that there was some exchange relationship with Nakrang region which had some advanced culture.
Nakrang-type artifacts are excavad in the whole areas of the downstream area of Han river, Imjin river basin, Hantan river basin, Bukhan River basin and Youngdong region, etc. Especially, such artifacts are mainly excavated in Bukhan River basin. Nakrang-type artifacts excavated in Bukhan River basin are many kinds of padding patterned short-neck jars on which the 1nd padding traces are found, steamers, vessel-shaped potterys, bowls and low basin-shaped pottery, etc., and lots of flat-bottom jars are found compared to the other regions. Such flat-bottom jars are also found during the whole period in the Nakrang region, but the types of pots had changed into the ones made at each pottery-making place on the flat-bottom jars found in Bukhan River basin since high-speed spinning wheel traces, string traces and dark patterns, etc., distinguished gradually and padding patterns were left on the all parts of pottery. In addition, some unique characteristic deformed shapes, such as, ‘Narrow neck Jars’ whose neck gets narrower and longer, similar to the padding-patterned short-neck jars that deviated from the ceramic arts of Nakrang were developed.
For ironware, a lot of small casting hoes were excavated, it can be assumed that the region was exchanged with Nakrang region. also, since many kinds of blast pipes, Wansangjae and incomplete iron ware, etc., were excavated, it can be assumed that the region got to reach the level of producing iron ware gradually. At the remains where Nakrang-type pottery and iron ware are excavated, the rate of excavation of spinning wheels is high and some stone-made spinning wheels on which some patterns similar to the artifacts excavated from Nakrang earthen fortress are carved were excavated. Thus, it can be seen that Nakrang influenced the textile-making technique in addition to the ceramic skill and the iron-manufacture skill of the region.

참고자료

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