제2공화국 공교육부 장관 카르노의 완결되지 못한 교육개혁안 (The Reform Bill of Hippolyte Carnot, Minister of Public Education of the Second Republic)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국프랑스사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 프랑스사 연구 / 29호 / 91 ~ 112페이지
· 저자명 : 김정인

초록

Le projet de réforme de l’enseignement publique proposé par Hippolyte Carnot en 1848 a attiré peu de historiens. Dans ce projet, résidaient les rêves de son père Lazare Carnot et également ses propres expériences en tant que républicain de la deuxième génération. Il voulait construire une république, dans laquelle les citoyens disposeraient entièrement leurs droits politiques, et pensait que l’enseignement gratuit, obligatoire et libre de l’influence de la religion en était préalable. En tant que ministre de l’Instruction publique, il voulait garder la stabilité sociale par l’enseignement, mais celui-ci était également un moyen essentiel à améliorer la société. C’est pourquoi un des éléments importants de son projet concernait les instituteurs, considérés comme promoteurs de l’enseignement national, qui deviendrait fonctionnaires de l’État. Son essaie de mobiliser les instituteurs pour l’élection d’avril a provoqué la répulsion de ses ennemies et ainsi sa démission. Mais les essentiels de son projet restaient et seraient réalisés entièrement dans les réformes de la Troisième République.

영어초록

The project of reforming primary education proposed by Hippolyte Carnot in 1848 has attracted few historians. In this bill project, there resided the dreams of his father Lazare Carnot and also his own experiences as a republican of the second generation. He wanted to build a republic in which citizens would fully enjoy their political rights, and thought that free, compulsory education independent from the influence of religion was precondition for it. As Minister of Public Instruction, he wanted to keep social stability through education. Yet, for Carnot, education was also an essential means to improve society. This is why an important part of the bill concerned the teachers, regarded as promoters of national education, who would become public officials of the government. His attempts to mobilize teachers for the election in April caused the repulsion of his enemies and thus his resignation. But the main elements of the project remained and were fully realized in the reforms of the Third Republic.

참고자료

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