흄의 철학에서 행복의 의미와 치유로서의 철학

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서강대학교 철학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 철학논집 / 43권
· 저자명 : 양선이

목차

I. 들어가기
II. 흄의 행복론에서 헬레니즘의 유산
III. 차분한/격렬한 정념이 인간 행복에 미치는 효과
IV. 치유로서의 철학; ‘마음의 치료제’ 로서 ‘쉬운 철학’
V. 나가기
참고문헌

초록

이 논문에서 나는 흄의 『도덕과 정치에 관한 에세이』(1741~42)와 흄의 주
저작인 『인성론』(1739~40)에서 전개되는 행복의 의미를 살펴보고자 한다. 흄에 따
르면 감정적으로 동요가 없을 때(emotional calmness) 인간은 가장 행복하고 국가
는 가장 안정적이다. 행복을 논하는데 있어 흄은 정념들을 “진정시키고 누그러뜨리
는” “반대를 통한 완화(moderation through opposition)”의 전략을 택한다. 중용을
의미하는 이 ‘온건한’이란 의미는 흄의

영어초록

In this paper I address happiness of human life developed in Hume’s
Treatise and Essays: Moral, Political, and Literary. According to Hume, people
are happiest and governments are most stable when emotional calmness prevails.
Hume has a strategy, which I call “moderation through opposition,” which is
designed to “tranquilize and soften” the passions. Hume presents moderation as
an alternative of the phyrronean skepticism in Book 1 of the Treatise. Hume
also presents moderation as the virtue of sagacity and as the characteristics of
strength of mind in the discussion of calm passion in Book 2 of the Treatise.
Hume makes it clear that this sagacity or strength of mind is really nothing
other than the prevalence of the calm passion above the violent. The calm
passions are sometimes confused with reason due to their arising manner. They
arise in the manner of controlling violent passions or desires, so that we
confuses them with reason.
The most important difference between the two styles, i.e., Essays and the
Treatise has to do with their function. The purpose of Treatise is to make us
understanding something; the function of easy essay writing is to change our
feelings and actions. The purpose of an easy essay is thus therapeutic rather
than analytic. Such essays, according to Hume, are designed to make us feel
the difference between vice and virtue: they excite and regulate our sentiment.
Hence, Hume argues that the path to happiness lies in strengthening the calm
passions, and the way to do this is by cultivating a relish in the liberal arts. A
cultivated taste for the polite arts extinguishes the violent passions and improves
our sensibility. As we read, study, and enlarge our view of the world, we
enhance the calm passions and achieve greater happiness.

참고자료

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