LINGUISTICS FOR EVERYONE Chapter 5

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LINGUISTICS FOR EVERYONE

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Morphology: study of the system of rules underlying our knowledge of the structure of words
Words have meaning, but pieces of words (morphemes) also have meaning.
un- + easy, pen+ -s, visit + -ed
Morphemes: smallest unit of meaning in a word
Word: a morpheme or combination of morphemes to which speakers attach meaning
Speakers of a language can easily identify words and morphemes.

Morphemes and Meaning

The minnly erks yodded both thunkish blonks.

The position of a word in a sentence and the form of a word helps determine the syntactic category (noun, verb, adjective, …) of the word.
minn+ly: adjective
erk+s: noun
yod+ed: verb
thunk+ish: adjective
blonk+s: noun

Speakers of a language have knowledge of morphemes of the language.

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