서양건축사 - 각 건축 양식에 따른 사회배경과 특성 조사

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서양건축사 - 각 건축 양식에 따른 사회배경과 특성 조사

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MESOPOTAMIA
1. Culture
2. Materials
3. Temple <Ziggurat>
4. Major Architectures
ANCIENT EGYPT
1. Culture
2. Architecture of Egypt dynasty
3. Pyramid (Formal Change of Pyramid)
4. Temple
ANCIENT GREECE

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1. Culture

◆ About MESOPOTAMIA
The cultures we have discussed so far, the Chinese, the Indus, and the Egyptian, had geographies large enough for their diverse needs, and there in lay their strength. The Chinese were not dependent on salt or metal imported from across the Himalayas. The Indus River valley system was also relatively self-contained. The Egyptians were somewhat more dependent on trade, importing metal from the Aegean Islands or from Nubia to the south. They were able, nevertheless, to protect themselves for millennia from heavy foreign influence or invasion. A different situation developed in the areas of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where, by 4000 BCE, a vast network of villages had formed in the highlands. The inhabitants had already spent several millennia transforming the valleys into one of the most productive grain-bearing regions of the world. These areas are now divided by the borders of Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan.

◆ Climate
The climate was also cooler, meaning that the verdant valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers were far different from the deserts of today; in the highlands there were bands of forest interspersed with steppes and savannas rich in flora and abounding with goats, boars, deer, and fox. Farmers worked in the valley, but the community lived in the more easily fortifiable hills. But unlike in China and India, these villagers had two economic orientations,

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