컴퓨터 補助授業의 반복연습형 프로그램에 있어서 問項除去와 選擇枝 範圍가 事實的 情報의 記憶에 미치는 效果

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국교육학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 교육학연구 / 31권 / 5호
ㆍ저자명 : 羅馹柱

목차

요 약
Ⅰ. 연구문제
Ⅱ. 연구의 방법
Ⅲ. 결 과
Ⅳ. 논 의
Ⅴ. 결 론

Abstract

한국어 초록

교육 분야에서 컴퓨터의 활용은 컴퓨터 보조수업(CAl)으로 대표된다. CAl는 다양한 형태로 개발되는데 이중 반복연습 형태의 CAI가 대다수를 차지하고 있어서 대단히 중요한 위치에 있다. 이 연구에서는 반복연습형 CAI의 두 설계 변인인 ‘문항제거’ 와 ‘선택지 범위’가 사실적 정보의 기억에 미치는 효과를 실증적으로 밝혀보고자 하였다. 문항제거는 반복연습형 CAI 설계의 기본구조를 형성하는 단위가 되는 중요 변인이며 선택지 범위는 반복연습의 효과를 체계적으로 설명할 수 있는 이론적 근거를 제공할 것으로 기대되는 변인이었다. 대학생 68명을 대상으로 실험이 이루어졌으며 반복연습용 컴퓨터 프로그램 네개가 개발되어 실험에 활용되었다. 연구결과 두 설계변인이 체계적으로 기억에 영향을 미치고 있음이 밝혀졌으며 보다 합리적인 설명을 위한 정보처리이론 모형의 변형이 제안되었다.

영어 초록

CAl is a ubiquitous feature in various education fields throughout the world. One of the most used CAl mode is drill - and-practice. Among the most popular approaches in designing drill and practice type of CAl, is the flashcard- like approach. Especially for tasks which require memorization, conventional flashcard approach has been recommended by many school teachers and field researchers. But little effort has been paid to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of flashcard approach in CAl.
This research is an attempt to explore ways of improving effectiveness of flashcard – like CAl by clarifying the effects of the two fundamental variables: item elimination and choice span. The main objectives of the research were:
1. to identify effects of item elimination In memorizing factual information in the drill and practice type of CAl.
2. to identify optimal range of the choice span in designing drill and practice type of CAl, and
3. to validate and improve information processing theory in explaining memorization of factual information through CAl.
Based on the information processing theory of human learning it was hypothesized that the item elimination would have positive effects on memorizing facutal information through CAl. It was also hypothesized that if the choice span expands, effectiveness of memorizing factual information in CAl would decrease.
To test effects of item elimination and to find optimal range of choice span in the drill and practice type of CAl, a CRF2.2 experiment with 68 undergraduate students was conducted. For the experiment, four separate computer programs, each of which reflected a different experimental condition, were developed. Dependent variables of this experiment were the achievement scores on the post- and retention tests.
The result showed that throughout the post- and retention tests there was no significant main effect on item elimination. However, a significant main effect was observed on the range of choice span (posttest: F(1,66)=10.99, P<.01, MSe=91.85, retention test: F(1,66)= 16.58, P<001, MSe=127.91). Also, there was a significant interaction effect across the two independent variables (posttest: F(1,66)=8.68, P<.01, MSe=91.85, retention test: F(1,66)=9.17, P<.0l, MSe=127.91).
The temporary conclusions of the study indicated that:
1. the effect of item elimination will be maximized if the elimination is designed to function after the study material being overlearned.
2. academic achievement in memorization will be maximized In the minimum range of choice span.
3. in the process of explaining the effect of choice span, it is suggested that the conceptual model of information processing theory be moderately modified.

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