일본 전후 경제발전 과정(영어서술 및 해석본..)

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Post World War II influences
2차 세계대전 이후 영향들

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Post World War II influences
The pattern set after 1868 and still prevalent to a large extent today was for Japan to import a product and copy it, making a product that might be inferior to the import in quality but sufficient for domestic use. Following a gradual improvement in production, the product could be exported. The domestic market became a controlled environment for nurturing export industries. The government promoted industries through subsidies and “buy Japan” policies and protected them from imports through high tariffs, import quotas, licensing requirements, foreign investment controls, and credit controls. Market access barriers included restrictive interpretation of customs regulations (ever-shifting standards), restrictive interpretation of product approval procedures, “buy Japan” biases in the procurement policies of public corporations or through administrative guidance, and the archaic Japanese distribution network.

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