한국과 중국의 불교 -- 정치적 관점에서 (영문)

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Buddhism in pre-modern Korea and China had political meanings, but in different ways. Buddhism helped the kings in both countries to control the ordinary people in the nation and to establish the royal authority over nobility. Korea adopted Buddhism as the most powerful religion for the ruling classes and developed it into a more patriotic way, while China disregarded Buddhism and developed neo-Confucianism. China took advantage of Buddhism in reunifying the country by the Sui and Tang dynasty. Such characters of Buddhism are contrary to the ordinary belief that Buddhism is a completely spiritual religion. These seemingly inconsistent understandings are due to their focusing on different aspects. Buddhism, in terms of its principles, is fundamentally spiritual, but Buddhism, in the context of realpolitik, has political meanings.
One political aspect of Buddhism is soothing the poor and holding them in their lands.

참고 자료

De Bary, William Theodore, Sources of East Asian Tradition, Volume 1. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008.
Ebrey, Patricia Buckley, Anne Walthall, and James B. Palais. 2008. Premodern East Asia: to 1800: a cultural, social, and political history. 2nd edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.