한국 신화와 에스키모 신화의 비교 연구

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국구비문학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 구비문학연구
ㆍ저자명 : 김대숙

목차

1. 머리말
2. 새드나 신화의 서사구조
3. 한국신화와의 비교
4. 마무리

한국어 초록

<에스키모>라는 말은 인디언의 말로 <날고기를 먹는 사람>을 뜻하는 에스키만치크에서 비롯되었다고 전하는데 에스키모인 자신은 스스로를 <인간>을 뜻하는 어간에서 나온 이누이트라고 부른다. 이누이트 - 사람, 그렇다. 넓고 넓은 지구위에 어디에나 어느곳에서나 사람이 살고 있다. 그 많고 많은 사람들이 인종, 민족, 국가 등등 다양한 형태로 묶일 수도 있고 또 그 안에서 뿔뿔이인 사람들이 한사람 한사람 모두 제각각 다르면서 그러나 결국에는 다 비슷하다. 아니 같다. 근간의 구비문학 학계의 비교신화 연구는 그 대상지역도 다양하고 깊이도 더욱 심도 있게 전개되고 있다

영어 초록

This paper aims at introducing the Eskimo mythology into Korea for the first time and searching for the universality and particularity of Korean mythology through comparison of the two. One of the typical Eskimo mythologies is that of the Sedna, the goddess of the under world. The mythology is the story of the young Sedna who lived with her widower-father, became unhappy when she followed a bird which came flying from far away and led her into temptation, met her father and returned home again, and became the queen of the under world.
The mythology sets out on the keynote of the relationship of father-daughter, and then conflicts arise in her having connection with a man without her father's permission. In the story that part of Sedna's body changes into a sea animal and fish, we can find out a characteristic of the goddess of product. In Eskimo folk customs they hold a festival in honor of Sedna in early winter in an attempt to prevent evil-spirited Sedna from spoiling the hunting. The Sedna mythology has many similarities with The Dog Husband. Once upon a time there was a young woman who got pregnant through the connection with her dog. All of her family and villagers went off from the village and left her behind alone. She bore dog-children and raised them well, and in the end it made the people come back to the village. Sedna transformed all the dog-children into men and taught them to fish and hunt. At last her son became the chief of the village. Sedna made food of part of her body, and got fire to cook fish and meat. She was also good at fishing and hunting. In this context she looks like a cultural heroine.
The Sedna mythology looks similar to the Korean mythologies such as Gamenjangagi, Baridagi, Danggumagi. These mythologies are feminine, and set out on the keynote of the relationship of father-daughter. The connection with a male gives rise to conflicts. They deal with the routines such as eating. They show a characteristic of a goddess of product, and also appear as a under-world goddess.
Particularly the subject of mobility is a woman, and the process of mobility is interpreted as a process of cultural transmission and admission. It is peculiar that Sedna was not worshiped as a goddess. Because of the barren environmental factors, it seems that Sedna's son couldn't develop the mythology into a national one.

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