unconscious; from strategy to skill. ... -We need to provide learners with shorter passages to teach specific reading skills and strategies explicitly ... to achieve desired goals or objectives, while a skill is a strategy that has become automatic.
You can provide summary comments that instruct students to look for problems and correct them on their ... Feedback should not entail “correcting” a student’s writing. ... And a teacher should not correct a student’s draft by supplying all the correct forms of words, punctuation
Littlejohn also introduced student-directed lessons in which small groups of students planned and carried ... year’s grammar textbook. ... section in terms of difficulty.
connected stretched of speech. ... Second orientation: 1960s-1970s- “Let’s analyze these sounds closely to figure out how to pronounce them ... what I say.”
As a tool to aid teaching and learning, CALL is often subsumed within them.- A general and useful working ... Background to teaching with CALL- The most traditional and sill most common form of CALL programs are ... behaviorist computer-based gap-gill drills, where key or random words have been replaced with spaces.
, past tense, present tense, stem+ing, stem+ed, possessive, it is more sensible to count words families ... - This strand involves learning through speaking and writing where the learner’s main attention is on ... It involves paying deliberate attention to language features such as sounds, spelling, vocabulary, grammar
new teaching points should be introduced orally before the learner saw the written form. 1940s and 1950s ... and fill in a cloze. since everyone’s image of the story will be somewhat different, it provides a good ... Background to the teaching of listening Time Method Features late 1800s Gouin’s series method Listening
the component part(words, grammar, etc) · ex) school english Top-down process · start from student’s ... Input ⇒ receptive skill (NOT Passive skill) ? ... background knowledge (content, textual schema) · ex) unknown people ask something on the street → asking
- There are language elements supporting 4 skills(listening, reading, speaking, writing); vocabulary, ... 4 skills ? ... · attention to language feature such as sounds, spelling, vocabulary, etc · first language is used for
- Grammar : a set of rules specifying the correct ordering of words at the sentence level Prescriptive ... grammars · lay down the law : saying what is right and what is wrong Descriptive grammars · sets out ... condition for the development of such knowledge 4.
· Teacher : identify student’s strengths and weaknesses and reward ... strengths and weaknesses supply appropriate software · Motivation : when the program suits to them ? ... ’s background knowledge ?
they read ⑥ Encourage readers to transform strategies into skill · skill = a strategy has become automatic ... ⑵ What strategy are you using? ⑶ Why did you select this/these strategy? ... Work on increasing reading rate · balance between accuracy and fluency · skills : scanning, skimming,
Background to teaching speaking Audiolingual method: -Teaching speaking by having students repeat sentences ... What is speaking? -Speaking is the productive aural/oral skill. ... Interactional speech: This is communicating with someone for social process.
What are learning styles and strategies? ... Learning styles and strategies are linked to one another, but they are not the same thing. Learning ... (Kinsella, 1995, p.171) Learning strategies: “characteristics we want to stimulate in students to enable
see student’s styles ? ... Learning styles and strategies ■ Organization of this chapter · What are learning styles and strategies ... Encourage students to stretch their learning styles · Do not see style as very separate ?
, pattern practice, and substitution drills etc. - In the 1970s and 80s, therhe kinds of materials that ... and 1970s the focus shifted to audiolingualism, which is focused on the spoken language. - Audiolingualism ... self-reliant, and important skill in learning a language.
Background to the teaching of writing Focus on Forms ~1960s 1960s~1970s Expressivism Teacher – facilitator ... Free writing any topic students want/time set → lower affective filter A history of writing studies theory ... ’s writing.’
Needed to be shared for task to be completed ? Ⅱ. Negotiate with each other ? Ⅲ. ... ’s interests = Target language & culture Construct- ivism Method Communicative Language Teaching (CLT ... exercises (imitation, repetition, practices) Characteristics ① Priority : Spoken language ② Developing a set
