일본고전문학에 나타난 고령자상(高齡者像) - 노추(老醜)의 거부와 극복 - (The aged people's image on the Japanese classic Literature)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 110권 / 209 ~ 228페이지
· 저자명 : 이미령

초록

本稿では、日本古典文学に現れた高齢者像を類型別に分けて考察し、これを通じて「老い」の価値と意味を新たに発見しようとした。 まず、高齢者に関するキーワードにより対象作品を選定し、高齢者が主要登場人物として活躍する作品の具体的な事例を分析した。これにより高齢者の様相と基準を把握した。 二、叙事の類型では高齢者に対する敍事方式を4つに分けて、一般の認識を確認した。「オバステ型」は老人を遺棄する話で、親を捨てた子に対する非難より山中に捨てられた高齢者の悲嘆に注目する。「老いらくの恋型」は大方、非難と嘲弄の込められた滑稽談として描かれる。「浦島太郎型」は若者が一瞬にして高齢者に変わる話で、この時の老いはタブーを破った懲罰に当たる。「変身型」は高齢者が超自然的な存在に変わる話で、男女に対する差別的な視角が確認される。 三、高齢者の対応では、他人の否定的な視線に積極的に反応し、自らの価値を証明しようとする高齢者の姿を4つに分けて考察した。「危機克服型」は高齢者が家族や国家の危機を知恵で解決する。「欲望露出型」は高齢者が人の嘲弄と非難に負けず、堂々と性欲と出世欲を表わす。「世代連結型」は、高齢者が伝承者として共同体の維持と繁栄のために活躍する。「生存模索型」は、処世術にたけている高齢者が過酷な外部環境を逞しく突破していく。 四、結論では、今までの考察に基づいて「老醜」を克服しようとする高齢者の主導的な意志に注目し、現代社会にも適用できる新しい高齢者像を摸索してみた。高齢者は年輪と知恵を通じて共同体の危機を克服し、存在感をあらわす。また、次の世代に過去の記憶を伝え、共同体の維持と繁栄を保障する。また、健全な欲望を表出して、同等な人間としての存在感を確認する。 以上の考察を通じて、我々は否定的な談論を量産してきた従来の態度を反省し、相互尊重をもとにした新しい高齢者像を定立しなければならない。

영어초록

This thesis aims to divide the senior citizen by type appeared in Japanese classical literature and to consider it carefully and to newly find the values and meaning of aging.
First, I selected classical literature through keywords related to the elderly. And I figured out the patterns of the elderly by analyzing the specific examples of works in which the elderly are the main characters.
Second, the means of description of the senior citizen are divided into four in the narrative type and the public's opinion of it has been confirmed. 'OBASTE type' is a story about abandoning senior citizen. it expresses literally the emotion of surviving senior citizen rather than criticizes the children who have abandoned their parents. 'The love of old age type' is described mostly with humorous stories of criticism and mockery and sympathy. 'URASIMATARO type' is a story about the young people's changing into senior citizen as slick as nothing at all. The aging, at this point means the punishment for violating taboo. 'Transformation type' is a story about senior citizen's changing into supernatural being. it shows discriminative eyes for man and woman.
Third, senior citizen's image proving their worth by responding positively to negative views of other people is divided into four type depending on their reaction. Senior citizen applicable to 'Overcoming Crisis type' resolve the crisis of their families or their nations with their wisdom. Those who are classified into 'Expressing Desire type' reveal proudly their sexual desire and ambitions for success despite others' condemnation and mockery. Those in 'Connecting generation type' play the role of heir for the maintenance and prosperity of the community. Those in 'Seeking Survival type' break through severe external environment for survival with their realistic politics.
Fourth, in the view of establishing senior citizen's image, new image of senior citizen applicable to the modern society has been discussed reflecting their leading will to overcome the ugliness of old people in classic works of literature.
Senior citizen overcome the risks of community with age and wisdom exposing their presence and deliver memories to the next generation and guarantee the maintenance and prosperity of community. in addition, they confirm their presence as equal human being by expressing sound and healthy desires. with the above consideration, we have to regret our existing attitudes for which negative arguments have been produced and to establish new image of senior citizen based on mutual respect.

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