uniterianism was heavily influenced by the world view of the Deists which emphasized a optimistic view ... If we assume that Barth is a universalist, he is not different from the Deists because universalism with
Deists elucidate about history. ... However, how God intervened with Israel’s history is not the way Deists think is possible. ... For Deists, the biggest problem is that they do not have the basics for their ethical standards.