유체역학-유체유동의 개념 및 기본 방정식

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유체역학-유체유동의 개념 및 기본 방정식

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FLUID-FLOW CONCEPTS AND BASIC EQUATIONS
유체유동의 개념 및 기본 방정식
3.1 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS; DEFINITIONS
3.2 THE CONCEPTS OF SYSTEM AND CONTROL VOLUME

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FLUID-FLOW CONCEPTS AND BASIC EQUATIONS
유체유동의 개념 및 기본 방정식

The statics of fluids, treated in the preceding chapter, is almost an exact science, unit gravity force (or density) being the only quantity that must be determined experimentally. On the other hand, the nature of flow of a real fluid is very complex. Since the basic laws describing the complete motion of a fluid are not easily formulated and handled mathematically, recourse to experimentation is required. By an analysis based on mechanics, thermodynamics, and orderly experimentation, large hydraulic structures and efficient fluid machines have been produced.
This chapter introduces the concepts needed for analysis of fluid motion. The
basic equations that enable us to predict fluid behavior are stated or derived: they are equations of motion, continuity, and momentum and the first and second laws of thermodynamics as applied to steady flow of a perfect gas. In this chapter the control-volume approach is utilized in the derivation of the continuity, energy, and momentum equations. Viscous effects, the experimental determination of losses, and the dimensionless presentation of loss data are presented in Chap. 5 alter dimensional analysis has been introduced In Chap.4. In general, one-dimensional-flow theory is developed in this chapter, with applications limited to incompressible cases where viscous effects do not predominate. Chapter 6 deals with compressible flow, and Chap. 7 with two-dimensional flow.

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